C++ if Statement
Decision-making in C++ helps to write decision-driven statements and execute a particular set of code based on certain conditions.
The C++ if statement is the most simple decision-making statement. It is used to decide whether a certain statement or block of statements will be executed or not executed based on a certain type of condition.
Syntax
if(condition)
{
// Statements to execute if
// condition is true
}
Working of if statement in C++
- Control falls into the if block.
- The flow jumps to Condition.
- Condition is tested.
- If Condition yields true, goto Step 4.
- If Condition yields false, goto Step 5.
- The if-block or the body inside the if is executed.
- Flow steps out of the if block.
Flowchart
If we do not provide the curly braces ‘{‘ and ‘}’ after if( condition ) then by default if statement will consider the immediate one statement to be inside its block.
For example:
if(condition)
statement1;
statement2; // Here if the condition is true if block will consider only statement1 to be inside its block.
Examples of if statement in C++
Example 1
Below program demonstrates the use of if statement in C.
C++
// C++ program to illustrate If statement #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int i = 10; if (i < 15) { cout << "10 is less than 15 \n"; } cout << "I am Not in if"; } |
Output
10 is less than 15 I am Not in if
Explanation:
- Program starts.
- i is initialized to 10.
- if-condition is checked. 10 < 15, yields true.
- “10 is less than 15” gets printed.
- if condition yields false. “I am Not in if” is printed.
Example 2
Below program illustrates another example of if statement in C++.
C++
// C++ program to illustrate If statement #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int i = 10; if (i > 15) { cout << "10 is greater than 15 \n"; } cout << "I am Not in if"; } |
Output
I am Not in if
Related Articles: